Projecting system



April 3, 1945.

v. E. PRATT PRbJEGTING SYS'TEMI Original Fi led JanL: 5, 1942 7Sheets-Sheet 1 v INVENTOR VERNEURE'PRATT WW1 ATTQRN EYE April 3, 1945.v. E. PRATT 7 2,372,910

PROJEGTING SYSTEM Original Filed an. 3, 1942 'r Sheets- Sheet 2 v FIG. 4

lNVENTOR VERA/EUR E. PRA T7.

ATTORN EYS April 1945. v. E. PRATT PROJECTING SYSTEM 7 Sheets-Sheet 3Original Filed Jan. 3, 1942 T mm mE MW V .BY

ATTORNEYS April 3, 1945.

Fig.3

V. E. PRATT PROJECTING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 3, 1942 7 Sheets-Sheet4 INVENTOR YER/V500 E. PRATT ATTORNEYS April 3, 1945. v. EIPRATT2,372,910

' PROJECTING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan.- 3, 1942 7 Sheets-Sheet 5INVENTOR VEHNEUR E. F/mTr IALDQmmwQALJ ATTORN EY5 April 3, 1945. v, AT2,372,910

PROJECTING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 3. 1942 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 SHUTTERFIG. 20

ELEVATOR ENLARGER IIIIIIIIII 4 m INVENTOR ham w ATTORNEY5 IVERNEURE.PRATT.

April 3, 1945.

Original Filed Jan. 3, 1942 V. E. PRATT PROJECTING SYSTEM 7 Sheets-Sheet7 ATTORNEYS ngu eoisadetaiiviewoitheelevationindi- P oe s asms A I 72,372,910

U E S A ES PATENT OFFICE .rnomc'rmc srsrm Verne'nr E; Pratt, Nor-walk,Conn, alsignor to' Mlcrostat Corporation, a corppration of Delauriginalapplication January 3, 1942, Serial No.

- 425,528. Divided and thig'appiication July 1,'

194:, Serial No. 493,035 x .6 Claims; (cuss-24) Thepresent inventionpertains to improve- Figure 9 is a detail plan view oi'the film gate,ments in combined camera-projectors and which indexing, registering andshutter. structure; is a division of Sr. No. 425,528 filed Jan. 3, 1942.Figure 101s a vertical detail 'view of the same An object of theinvention is to provide impartially on the lines iB-il, Figure 9;

I proved means for recording drawings, maps, docu- ."Figure 11 is adetail view oi. the pressure plate ments and the like on photographicfilm, such as control cam, lever and plunger:

microfilm. I v Figure 12 is a detail view ofthe indexing cam,

Another object is to provide improved apparalever and plate;

the of the above nature including means to re- Figure 13 is a detailside'view of the camshaft produce the photographemdrawings, etc., bydlgear and cams; I

rect enlargement. I I I Figure Hisan enlarged detail rear view or the Afurther object is to provide an improved "indexing clutch mechanism inengaged or driving camera-projector-adapted to photograph data asposition; I v noted vand to reproduce the same through the Figure 15 isa side view or the same;

same has with identical setting, whereby any pos- 16 I Figure 16 is arear view or the same in released v slble aberration in. recording isautomatically coror indexed position rected inreproductlon. I Figure 17is a diagrammatlcillustration of the Another object is to provide acamera-projector I 'fllm reels and take-up drive; i I of'the above typehaving improved means to in- Figure 18 is a plant view of the shutter;dex, register and expose the fllm. 20 Figure-l9 is a detail side view01' the same,

Another object is to provide a suitable object showing the drivinggears; table platen and improved means to supp rt the Figure '20 is adetail view of-the main operasame and the camera in rigid mutualrelationtionalcontrol panel and apparatus; ship, whereby possiblevibrational flexings be- Figure 21 is a similar view of the mainswitchtween them are substantially eliminated and i1 ingandilluminationcontrol panel; any-vibration is present the table and cameral'igureflisa sectional detail view showing the I vibratetogetherasaunit. I disposal of the illumination control means;

A further obiect is to provid impr ved l u -I"lgure 23 illustratestheioot-switch for ti-ip- I minating means for the obiect table. pingthe exposure motor; and I 1 Another object s to p de improved powerFigure 24 is a wiring diagram of-the various andcontrol means by whichelevation and lowerelectrical apparatus embodied in the i t o in ot thecamera, adjustment or the lens focus, Referring-to Figures 1, 2and 3, astill trianguactuation or the indexer and shutter, and the varlar irame8|, preferably 01 welded steel construcious otheroperational functions,are r d y artion, is mounted on supporting legs, ll, 32 and it; ried outby remote control from aslnz perator's :6 a platen or table a nadjustably 'sec ured w the station. I top oithe frame 3|. Two auxiliarysupporting Other objects and advantages of the invention columns "and I,provided with heavy bases I! will becom v d n 1 1 8 the course offlle 1and'il, are disposed under the tront'corners or lowing description, inconnec ion with he M- the table 24. Suitable clearance is normallyprocompanving drawings, in which l 40 vided between the upper ends." orthese columns Figure 1 is arront elevation of a preferred i'orxn and thetable as shown in Figure 22.

oitheinvention: Rigl y secured in the rear ot'the frame}! I Figure 2 isa side elevation of the some; is a vertical tubular column ll on whichis slid- FlgureSisapIanviewoIthesame; 4 'ably mounted a bracket or .4 Th

I Figure 4 is 'a perspective detail view of the ck l arr e a nl flyt e-Droi eotor camera-projector and its moimting: en lly denoted y' enumeral Figure' 5 is averticalside view ofthe camerabeing shown inenlarged perspectlvegini, proiector andrelated apparatuspartlqinsection;1 and n detail ongitudinal in errin'g-to Figure 5, the camera-projectorviewoitheexpoeuremotor hl-i'ama nbaseorbedplate 43. Astepped "33 w vsleeve 4 is aecured in the front end, mm flh camandswitchthebaaeflandhasrotahblymountedtherein,

oi g aoecondsieevo llonthelowerendotwhichioroonn'oilinfiopenshutterwarning s u a A WW A suitable lens assemblyE9, having a lever 53 for adjustment of the usual iris diaphragm (notshown), is mounted in the barrel ill.

A reversible motor mounted on the bottom of the camera lease :33, has onits shall 55 a worm as meshing with the gear ring as shown in lilfFigure i. A flexible shaft 5'1 connects the end of the motor share so toa revolution counter 58 so disposed that its counter numerals so are indirect view irom the irons oi the apparatus.

From the foregoing description it will be evi= 35 dens that when themotor E l is operated the Worm revolves the sear ring so and with it thesleeve Ellie barrel l'l being threaded in sleeve d5 bue restrained fromrotation by the stationary key lid, relation of sleeve feeds llie barreland with ii; the lens assembly 52 upward or downward depending on thedirection of rotation oi the motor 56. Thus the motor id is adapted soadjust the focus of the lens assembly $52, each revolution of the motorchanging the lens posilion by a definite small increment pre-deterroihedby the lead of the thread 63% and the reducing ratio of the worm andgear illl; for example, an increment of W925 inch. As each revolution ofthe motor, and conw sequent increment or roousing movement is plainlyregistered by the coun%: 58, the setting oi the latters numerals so atany time presents anexact indication of the lens position, so that bycontrol of the motor 515 any given lens position may be accurately madeor reproduced, the comparatively large numerals so being plainly vislbleat a=dlstance from the device.

Removably disposed in the central portion so assembly :33 lhrcugh anextension shai 1 w asraero a jaw coupling The extension shaft rles twocams and 233, shown in detail in o'lgures 7 and 8, these cams beingadapted to re spectively control switches and 35 for purposeshereinafter set forth. Rubber vibration dampers l'la are provided in themount-ins oi motor ll.

The column is provided with a longitudinal key 85 fitting in the rearportion or" the can riage ll, thereby preventing any swin ing motion ofthe carriage and camera-projector about the column.

A reversible motor 8i, mounted under the frame Sil, is provided with aworm-gear speed reducer 38 carrying on its output shaft 89 a sprocketso. A roller chain ill is secured to the upper portion of the carriagell and extends upward therefrom and over an-idler sprocket on the lop orthe column lil, thence downward llunugh the interior of the :COlllZllfland around a second idler sprocket 93 to the drive sprocket 9B, andthence via a third idler sprocket to turnbuckle secured to the bottom orhe car riage ll, l

When the motor '3? is operated to drive the chain 93 the carriage andcamera-projector assembly is raised or lowered along the column lil, andas the worm smed reducer 88 is of the irreversible drive .type thelatter acts as a lock to hold the carriage at any point oi elevationwhen the motor is stopped. The turn-buckle 95 is operable to take u anyslack in the chain.

Arheavy weight 95 is secured to the chain 8i :35 inside the column or toserve as a counterbalance 'to the chain 9!! at 9? just below theturn-buckle oi the camera-projector 62 is a nlm-connol and 40 so, thetape extending downward in front of the shutter sub-assembly 6i,- shownin detail in Figures e to 19, and to be presently described.

A lamp housing $2 is horizontally pivoted at so and normally engages.the to of the central portion ed in light-tight relationship. A con- 4densing lens system so is secured in the bottom of the housing or inoptical aunt with the projection or photographic lens 52. A lamp as ismounted in" a socket so in the rear end of the housing 52. An inclinedmirror fi l is adjustmy ably secured to the upper front, wall so of'thehousing in position to direct lightirom the lamp as to the condensinglens system as, thence through the sub-assembly 6i and projection lens52. Ventilation for the lamp .65 is provided by 55 a pipe 69 le upthrough the bottom of the housing E2 and suitable openings ll in therear thereof. J

Alight shield or hood ll is pivoted at" l2 to the carriage on, the frontupper end 718 of the hood normally over lamp ho 52. A rod M ishorizontally plv-. oted at 715 to the rear of the housing 52, while therear end oi the rod engages a socket re secured to the Coach oi the hoodll.

When the hill is upward and rearwardly on its pivots to allow access lothe sub=assembly as meter set forth, the rod l5 swings rise hood-llupwardly as illus= treated in sec. and dash rues, Figu -5, lime o viamnle clearance between lop oil-he loo and she hood.

A motor ll having a suitable speed-redrawn; gear head ll; is mounted inthe base 33 and is adapted a drive seamen-ire lei she son so the reartop of the g9 chain through a slot 98 in the table 3 3. and to a. springactuated retracting reel 99 of any suitable type secured under thetable.

As the mechanisms of such reels are well known and form per so no partof the present invention, no further description is required herein.It'is evident, however, that as the carriage is moved up or down thetape 96 unreels or re-reels through the slot 98 and the figures Nil (seealso Figure 6) ,thereon serve as a visual indication of thehelght of thecamera-projector above the table 86 as illustrated in Figure 6.

A pair of film housings or magazines Ifll and ass (Figure 4) areattached respectively to the left and right sides of the middle portion680i 7 the camera-projector 32. The magazines H? land W2 are providedwith detachable front closures W3 and EM, and contain suitable filmreels- W5 and ms, shown diagrammatically in Figure 17 and pted to carrya lm ill.- threaded between them through the control and. shutter subassembly Bl. J

Referring to Figures 9 and 10, it will be seen that the sub-assembly G5has a casing we pro-.

vided with horizontal side slots are and Bill through which the film noris threaded as noted above. The film overlies a gate or circular mash Mlsecured in a horizontal partition M2 in the 8% in the parliders W2 asshown in detail in Figure ii. the plunger Hi9 looms urged upward of thedriving member.

by a spring I2I. A fulcrum block-I22 has therein a slot I23 in which theshank H8 is retained by means of a normally retractible pin I24. Thelower end of the plunger H9 is slotted and has therein a cross pin I25supporting the end of a lever I26 which is fulcrumed on a stationarypivot pin I21. A cam I28 on the drive shaft 18 engages and is adapted torock the lever I25 downward.

Normally the upward pressure of the spring I 2 I acting through theplunger I I9, holds the shank IE8 of yoke III against the retractiblepin E24, the latter acting as a fulcrum and causing the trunnionedpressure plate H3 to press the film It] downward against the gate III.The trun nions H and H5, the free sliding and rocking permitted theshank H8 in the fulcrum slot I23, and the loose pivoting of the shank tothe plunger H9, allow the pressure plate H3 to float into firm and evenengagement throughout the entire underlying portion of the film I01,thus assuring accurate flatness of the latter across the gate III.

When the cam I28 rocks the-lever I26 downward during the operation ofthe device as hereinafter described, the plunger H9 is drawn downwardagainst the pressure of spring I2I.- The shank H8 engages the curvedbottom I231: of the slot I23 which acts asafulcrum, causing the pressureplate II 3 to be raised out of engagement with the film I01.

'A second shaft I29, journalled in the casing I 08 and hereinafterreferred to as the sprocket shaft, has rotatably mounted thereon asprocket spool I30, the latter having the usual teeth I3I engaging theperforations I32 of the film I91. A grooved shoe I33 underlies thesprocket I30 and keeps the film at all times in proper engagement withthe sprocket teeth.

A horizontal drive pin I34 is secured in the rear end of the sprocketspool I30. An annular driving member I35, slidably mounted on the shaftI29, has a series of index holes I36 corresponding in number andcircumferential spacing to the sprocket teeth I3I, each hole beingadapted to engage the pin I34 as shown in Figure 9. When so positionedthe driving member 535 is held pressed in the described driv ngengagement with the pin 534 by a compression spring W5. A pin I38 in theshaft I22 engages a longitudina slot 39 in the member I35, allowing thelatter to he slid longitudinally on the shaft but nor against thepressure of spring III the front or the slot I39 encounters the pinwhere upon the member I35 is turned to hook the pin I138 in thecircumferential extension Ito of the slot and thereby prevent forwardsliding return 133 this operation the driving member I35 is withdrawnfrom and locked out of engagement with the pin I34, ieaving thesprocket-free to be manually revolved on. the shaft its. When manualadjustment is completed, the member I35 is returned to engagement withthe sprocket hub by the reverse of the releasing operation described,the pin I34 entering any chosen hole I36 and assuming an accuratelyindex setting.

The spring I3! is backed by the hub I4I of a clutch plate I42, the huh Ibeing pinned to the ill Iii)

sprocket shaft I29. To the rear of the plate I62 is a ratchet I43 havinga hub I44 carrying a spur pinion I45 (Figures 9 and 15), the ratchet andgear combination being rotatably mounted on the shaft I29.

The pinion- I45 meshes with an idler gear I46 which in turn meshes witha gear I4'I secured to the drive shaft T9, the drive ratio in thepresent embodiment being one to two, i. e., one revolution of the driveshaft if: drives the ratchet I43 through two revolutions. The gear I4'Icarries on its rear side the cam I28 as shown in detail in Figure 13.The gear also carries on its front side a second cam I58, the purpose ofwhich will shortly be explained.

The clutch plate I 52 has in its periphery two oppositely spaced notchesI49 and I50, (Figures 14; l5, l6 and 12), adapted to receive a detentI5I on the end of a lever I52pivoted on the pin I21, (Figure 12).

A horizontal arm I53 of the lever I52 engages the second cam- I48. Atension spring I54 urges the arm I53 upward to hold the detent I5I inengagement with the plate I42 except when the detent is withdrawn byaction of the cam I48 as hereinafter set forth.

A pawl I55 is pivoted at J56 to the rear face of the plate I42 and isadapted to be rocked into engagement with the ratchet I43 by a springI5! (Figures 14 and 16). The rear end I58 of the pawl I55 is disposedalongside the notch I49,

so that when the detent [5i occupies the notch I49 as shown in. Figure16, it holds the pawl I55 out of engagement with the ratchet I43.

An arcuate link I59 is articulated at I68 to the pawl I55, and at IBI toa short second link I62 which is pivotally mounted at I63 on the plateM2. The joint I5I between Links I59 and IE2 is disposed beside the notchI50, so that when the detent I5I enters the notch 59 it presses thejoined ends of the links inward, causing the links to operate as atoggle to force the pawl I 55 out of engagement with the ratchet I53.Thus it will he seen that engagement of the detent I5I'with either notchIE8 or releases the pawl i'55 from the ratchet, while the detent, urgedinto the notch by the tension spring (Figure 12), stops and holds theplate I42 in a predetermined position, the ratchet 322 continuing torevolve on the shaft .hs the plate M2 is normally connected to thesprocket via the shaft [25 and driving memas previously described, thesprocket Ho and film IEI'I are thereby held accurately in indexposition. as long as the detent til remains in one of the notches III.or IE0.

Once during each rotation of the drive shaft (Figure 12), the camdepresses the lever thus withdrawing the detent fol from whichever notchit has previously engaged, allowing the pawl I55 to engage the rotatingratchet and thereby drive the plate [52' and sprocket I 'l "Jhen thecomparatively narrow lobe 43m of the can- [8 releases the lever arm thedetent IEI rides on the oeriphery of the plate I42 until the succeedingnotch or IE0 moves into registry with the detent, when the latter againis forced into the notch by the spring 554 to again release the pawl 555and stop the plate and sprocket as previously described.

Fromthe foregoing, it is evident that once during each revolution of thedrive shaft 59, the plate I42 and sprocket 530 are driven exactlyone-half revolution and the film I0! is consequently mowed an indexdistance "corresponding to one-half the pitch circumference of thesprocket I30, this distance equalling one frame spacing of the film;Since the ratchet I43 is driven at double the rotative speed of thedrive shaft 19, as previously set forth, it is also evident that themovement of the film takes place during one-quarter revolution of thedrive shaft I9.

The cam I28 (Figure 11) has a comparatively wide lobe I28awhichforcesthe lever I25 downward just prior to release of the detent I 5!from its engaged notch and holds the lever I25 depressed during thedescribed half-revolution of the sprocket I30.

By this means the pressure plate I I3 (Figures 9 and 10) is raised andheld clear of the film I? while the latter is moved. In Figure 10, itwill be observed that while released by the pressure plate II3, the filmI0] is guided by the shoe I33 and a roller I84,the latter being disposedin the lefthand magazine I0I1near the reel I as shown diagrammaticallyin Figure 1'7. The heights of the shoe I38 and roller I84 are such thatwhen released as noted, the film I07 clears the gate III. By this meansthe film is kept out of sliding contact with the gate during itsmovement, thus avoiding any possible abrasion.

A pulley I55 on the end of the sprocket shaft I29 (Figure 9) drives aspring friction belt I66 which in turn engages a second pulley I61,confnected to the film reel I08 as shown diagrammatically in Figure 17,thus providing a yielding or slip take-up drive for the reel I06. I

A disk shutter I68 (Figures l0, l8 and 19) is rotatably mounted on thebottom plate I89 of the sub-assembly casing '98, and is adapted 'to bedriven at one-to-one ratio from the drive shaft I9 via mitre gears I19and Ill. The shutter I58 normally overlies and .closes ofi a lightopening H2 in the bottom plate I69 above the lens 52 and in opticalalignment with the film gate II I.

By this means the shutter normally prevents passage of light between thelens and film. The

' shutter I68 has a cut-outportion or notch I73 extending throughout 90degrees of arc in the embodiment illustrated.

During rotation of the shutter at constant I speed, the passage of t enotch I73 over the opening permits the passageof light from the lensto'tlie film for a-pre-determined exposure time, as hereinafter setforth. The gearing of the shutter to the shaft 9, of course is soarranged that the exposure takes place whilthe film I0? is stationaryand held fiat by the pr sure plate vided with a trip or release buttonlfi l.

The panel I16 has mounted thereon two toggle switches I85 and I89.Mounted on the post or standard behind the panel HE is a variablevoltage transformer I87 having a rotary control shaft I88. The shaft I89extends outward through an enlarged hole I89 in the panel I16 so as notto touch the latter, and is provided with an operating handle I99 infront of the panel.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, a pair of brackets I9I and I92, securedto the rear portion of the frame 30 and extending angularly outward andupward therefrom, have forwardly-extending horizontal portions I93, eachcarrying a plurality of incandescent lights I952. The lights I94 aredirected downwardly and inwardly so as to provide even illuminationthroughout the entire upper area of the table 34, while at the same timethe angles of illumination are such that no direct reflection of lightcan enter the lens of the camera 92.

A pair of normally closed limit switches I95 and I96 (Figure 5) aremounted in the rear portion of the carriage 4i. These switches, whichare preferably of the type known as micro-.

switches, are provided with operating lever rollers I91 and I98 adaptedto engage and be actuated by 'abutments I99 and 208 respectively securedto the upper and lower rear extremities of the column key 88. p

A momentary contact foot switch 20I (Figures 1, 2, 3 and 23) is movablydisposed under the table 34 and is provided with a flexible cable 202connecting it to the main apparatus in the electrical manner hereinafterexplained in connection with the wiring diagram (Figure 24). A smallsignal light 203, preferably equipped with a red bulb, is mounted at therear of the table 39.

Referring to the typical wiring diagram (Figure 24) the-numerals 204 and205 designate the conductors of a suitable source of A. C. currentsupply, leading into the main or line switch I85, thence to distributingconductors 206 and'20l.

Branches 208 and 209 lead to manual switch I85, hereinafter termed thelight switch. From the output poles of the switch I85 wires 2H! and and2 are connected to the variable transwhen the'switches I86 and I81 areclosed, the

lamps I94 draw current and are illuminated, the voltage and consequentlythe intensity of the illumination being adjustable by means of thevariable transformer I811.

, The reversing switch I79 is of the three-pole double throwconstruction with a central oif position. The switch has upper and lowercon,- tact points 2H3, 2M, 2I5 and 2E8, 2H, as, re= spectively adaptedto be alternately engaged by poles 2I9, 220 and 22I, poles M9 and 229being electrically joined together. Gontacts 2M and 2 I5 arerespectively cross connected in the usual manner with contacts H1 and M3for reversing the current direction through field connectors 222 and 223leading to the elevating motor 971. Poles 220 and 22I have leads 22d and225 com prising armature connections-to the motor 8?. Pole 22I is alsoconnected via the normally open push-button switch I8! with thedistributing conductor 206. Poles 2I3and 2H3 are connected to the secondconductor 20? respectively via the normally closed limit switches I andI98.

When the switch I19 is thrown to upper position and the push-buttonswitch IBI is closed, the connection from conductor 296 is completed viaswitch I8I, pole 22I, .torthe motor armature lead 225, also via pole 22Iand contact 2I5 t0 the field lead 223. At the samemtime current fiowsfrom the conductor 20'! via limit switch I95,

- contact 2I3 and pole 2I9 to the pole 220, thence.

to the second armature lead 224, and via contact 2 to the second fieldlead 222. By this versed, causing the motor 81 to revolve in the reversedirection and lower the carriage ll.

If during upward driving operation of the motor 81 the limit switch I86is opened, the described supply from conductor 201 is broken, causingthe motor 81 to stop. Thereafter, current can be restored only bythrowing the switch downward to complete the connection through thesecond or lower limit switch I98, whereupon closure of the button switchI8I again energizes the motor in the downward driving direction.

1 Similarly, if the lower limit i536 switch is opened to stop the motor,the latter can only be energized after throwing the switch I19 to upwarddriving position.

By the above described means, it will be seen that engagement of eitherlimit switch with its operating abutment I99 or 200 stops the progressof the carriage II, but the latter may be thereafter moved away from theextreme or limit position after reversing the switch 110.

Returning to Figure 24, a branch lead 228 connect one side of theprojection lamp 85 with the distributing conductor, while the other sideof the lamp is adapted to be connected via a lead 221, the time switch83, and a second lead 228 to the second distributing conductor 201. Themanual switch I18 (Figure 20) is shunted across the time switch I83 bymeans of wires 228 and 238. Thus when switch I18 is closed, the lamp 65remains energized irrespective of the time switch I83.

The time switch I83 is preferably of the well known electricallyactuated type, a branch 225* bein provided to supply a currentconnection from 206 to the actuating mechanism under control of thebutton I81. The shutter motor 11 is connected on one side via a lead 231to the conductor 206. A wire 23!, from the second side of the motor 11,is connected to the normally open cam switch 84 (Figures 5 and 7) thencevia lead 235, the toggle switch I11 (Figure and a lead 238 to theconductor 201. Also, from the other or second side of the motor 11, awire 232 is connected to the normally open footswitch 20!,

. which latter is in turn connected via lead 233 to the lead 235.

From the above connections, it is evident that the motor 11 may beenergized through either one of two parallel circuit-closing means-thatis via the foot-switch 20I or via the cam switch 84 and manual switchI11, which latter is normally kept closed during photographingoperation. The cam 82, as previously set forth, is secured on thelow-speed geared output shaft 80 of the motor 11. The contour of the cam82 is such that it allows the switch 84 to remain open only in normal orstop position as shown.

When the foot-switch MI is momentarily closed to start the motor 11, thein tial movement of the cam 82 also closes the switch 84 and holds itclosed after opening of the foot switch, thus keeping. the motorenergized and causing it to drive the shaft 80 through one completerevolution, whereupon the cam 82 again allows the switch 84 to break thecircuit and stop the motor 11,

dent that no holding circuit can be established by the cam switch 84,and the motor 11 remains solely under control of the switch I11.

The second cam-switch85 (Figures 5 and 8) is connected in series withthe signal lamp 203 across the conductors 208 and 201 via wires 231, 238and 239 (Figure 24). The cam 83, also mounted on the shaft as previouslyset forth, is of such contour as to close the switch and thereby causethe signal light 203 to lightv up during that portion of the revolutionof shaft 80 when the previously described shutter I68 is open.

The focusing motor 54 is connected through the reversing switch I80 withthe conductors 208 and 201, the normally open push-button switch I82being interposed in the circuit connection from conductor 285. ing ofsuch reversing switches are well known and have previously beendescribed in connection with elevating motor 81, further detaileddescription thereof is believed unnecessary repetition herein; it isevident that throwing the switch I80 to upper or lower positionconditions the motor circuit for operation of the motor in eitherdesired direction under control of the push-button switch I82,

The operation is as follows:

Photography When it is desired torecord images of docu ments, maps,drawings, or the like, the operator first places a frame of developedfilm in position on the film-gate I I I under the pressure plate I I3,the housing 82 having been previously swungupwardand open on its pivots83 to allow access to the interior of the sub-assembly B I While thehousing is open, the spring-pressed fulcrum pin 12!, Figures 9 and 10,may be withdrawn to the left, releasing the shank II8 so that thepressure plate 113 may be swung upward clear of the film 101 and gateill to facilitate positioning the film. This process is then reversed.The housing 152 is closed down, and the enlarger switch I18 is closed,thereby turning on the projection lamp 55. The operator next depressesthe footswitch 201, starting the shutter control motor 11 and allowingthe latter to run under control of the cam-switch 84 until the shutterreaches wide-open position. At this point the manual switch I11 isopened to stop the motor 11, leaving the shutter in open position, thepressure plate having meanwhile been lowered into engagement with thefilm by the spring l2I, Figure 11.

The shutter I58 being open, light passes from the lamp 65 to theinclined mirror 61, thence downward through the condensing lens system88, the shutter sub-asembly 8i and the film therein, and the lens 52, animage of the developed film frame being projected on the table 34 or ona sheet of material spread thereon. The

' operator then manipulates the elevator switch I18 and push-button I8Ito lower or raise the carriage and camera-projector by means of themotor 81 until the projected image covers the desired area. The operatorsimilarly manipulates As the operation and wirand focus adjustments maybe made with the image projected directly on the sheet to bephotographed or on a suitable blank sheet ofproper size.

The document, drawing, or the like, having been secured to the table 34by any suitable means such as tacks, tape, or weighted retainers, andthe previously described fieldandfocus adjustments having been made, thelamp 65 is extinguished by opening the switch I18 and the shutter switchI1! is closed, the latter causing the motor 11 to be energized throughthe camswitch 84 as previously described. The motor I1 runs until thecam 82 opens the switch 84 in normal position as shown in Figure 7,thereby closing the shutter. The operator replaces the developed filmwith unexposed film, threading the latter from the reel I05, through thecontrol sub-assembly 6|, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, and to thetake-up reel I06; the housing 62 is again lowered into closed positionto exclude light.

It will be understood the above described preparatory field and focussetting need be performed only once, at the beginning of a series ofphotographic recordings of similar size.

To photograph the document spread on the table 34 the lights I 94 areturned on by closing the-switch I85 and if required the intensity ofillumination is adjusted by means of the variable transformer I 81,either to a predetermined setting of the handle I 90 or by use of anysuitable light meter. closes the foot-switch 2M to start the shuttermotor 7.1. the cam-switch 8t thereafter causing the motor to drive theshaft 8d untilone complete revolution is completed as previously setforth.

During the single revolution noted, the notch or opening in of theshutter I58 traverses the optical path between the lens 52 and the filmI M, allowing the lensto cast an illuminated image of the document onthe film during a predetermined length of time to effect the exposure.During the remainder of the revolution of shaft 8!! after closure of theshutter, the cams its and 548 respectively raise the pressure plate H3from the film I! and disengage the detent I 5i from the notch M9 or I59,thereby causing the sprocket ISO to move the film forward one frame inthe manner previously explained. The single revolution of the shaft 80,Figure 5, thus effects the exposure and conditions the apparatus for thenext exposure. The operator removes the first document or other subjectphotographed from the table 34, places the second in the same position,

and again depresses the foot-switch 2! to photograph the second subject,and proceeds in the manner described to record the desired series ofsubjects on successive frames of the film IEI'II.

As noted previously, an entire series of subjects may be photographedafter a single initial setting of-the field and focus. However, once acertain desired field and focus setting have been arrived at for a givensize of subject, no initial projection is necessary thereafter in orderto arrive at this'setting for later recordings, due to the provision ofthe height scale 96, Figures 5 and 6, and the counter or register 58,Figure 4. When the operator has initially arrived at the proper fieldand focal settings as described, he may observe and note down thereadings of the scale 98 and counter 58, the figures of both beingreadily visible from theoperating position in front of the table.Thereafter, when it is desired to photograph further subjects of thesize or series noted,

The operator then momentarily or to reproduce the subjects by projectionas hereinafter described, it is only necessary to operate the elevatingand focusing switching means until the previously noted height and focalread- 8 ings appear on the scale 98 and counter 59. Similarly, subjectsof difierent areas may be photo-. graphed in series without intermediatetest setting or focusing, simply by manipulating the elevating andfocusing controls to bring the scale 10 and counter readings topreviously determined proper figures for the various sized subjects. Incase of series photographing of widely differing fields or areas, andconsequent lens distances, it may also be desirable to vary theintensity of the illumination by manipulation of the transformer controlhandle I90 as previously described.

It will be noted that all the foregoing operations may be effected bythe user from a, single position in front of the table 34, the normalfunctions of setting camera height, setting th focus, setting theillumination, making the exposure,

and resetting the film being carried out by remote control from thepanels H5 andi'lfi. Even the manualoperation of changing or adjustingthe film It? in the camera may be carried out from the same position,since the camera may be lowered to extreme bottom position directly infront of the operator, the proper original height being afterwardrestored, as previously noted, from the scale 95. Itis obvious thatprovision of the described complete remote. control from a singleposition adapts the device to rapid and easy operation with a minimum offatigue for the user.

Reproduction When it is desired to reproduce previously photographedsubjects, the developed film carrying the images is threaded into thecamera- .w projector 82 in the manner previously described for insertionof raw film. The projection lamp indicating figures previously noted atthe time of photographing the particular subject to be reproduced. Thetime switch, I83, having been set for the desired period of exposure,the switch'I'IB is opened to extinguish the lamp .65 and a suitablesheet of sensitized paper or the like is secured in proper position onthe table 35.,

The time switch I83 is tripped by means of its button I 84, the switchclosing and remaining closed for the predetermined time in the usualmanner of such switches. The lamp is thereby illuminated during thepre-determined period, during which period the enlarged image from thefilm iil'i is projected on the sensitized sheet. When the time-switch I83 has again extinguished the lamp 65 the sensitized sheet is removedfor development and/or fixing in the usual manner. In case a succeedingimage on the film strip is to 65 be reproduced, switches I71 and ZIIIare operated 7 until the shutter motor TI has closed and again reopenedthe shutter I68, during which operation the film has been advanced oneframe in the manner previously described, after which a secondsensitized sheet is placed in position and the second projectionexposure made as set forth.

In case it is desired to make more than one print from the same filmframe, the operator .simply changes the sensitized sheets and effectsthe exposures by repeated trippings of the time switch I83 withoutintermediate closings of the shutter 56B.

All the described reproducing operations are carried out from the singleoperating position, and except of course for changing the sensitizedpaper, ail are done by remote control. with the same advantages ofspeed, ease, and precision noted with respect to recording.

While the apparatus is adapted to reproduction in the precise originalsize, it is obvious that enlargement or reduction in the reproductionmay readily be made by proper setting of cameraprojector height andfocus.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the invention makespossible the photographic recording and reproduction with maximumrapidity, precision and accuracy, guesswork being eliminated. Theaccuracy is augmented by the fact that reproduction takes place byprojection through the same lens, and if desired. with the identicalsetting used in the original photographic recording. Thus any defects,such as optical aberration or blurs impressed on the film for anyreason, even such as slight optical defects in the lens. areautomatically cancelled out and corrected by reversal in the projectionthrough the same lens; the results are thus uniformly sharpreproductions of the originals.

The rigid attachment of the column 4!] and the table 3! to the heavytriangular frame 30, supported on the three legs 31, 32 and 33, promotesaccuracy by preventing vibratory variation between the camera-projectorand table; even in the presence of considerable exterior vibration. theentire assembly tends to vibrate together without loss of alignment. Thestandards or posts 35 and 38 normally do not engage the table 34 aspreviously noted, but they are adapted to engage and support it in caseof heavy downward pressure tending to tip or bend the table. As thetransformer I8! is mounted on the standard 35 and neither the shaft I88nor handle I90 touches the panel I18, the handle I90 may be manipulatedto vary the illumination from the lamps l 94 even during exposurewithout any chance of transmitting vibration to the table or relatedapparatus.

The shelf or bed-plate 43 is constructed with a minimum proportion ofits weight near the column 40 and a maximum amount of weight at itsfront end, in addition to the weight of the camera parts themselves.Similarly, the camera parts are constructed with comparatively heavydesign and of heavy materials such as bronze. The purpose and result ofthe described proportioning and large concentration of weight at theouter end of the camera support is to produce a downward cantilevereifect which causes a heavy clamping action of the carriage 4| on thecolumn 40 even though the carriage is not fastened to the column; thisclamping action further promotes the rigid transmission of vibrationsfrom the camera through the column 40 to the table 34 or vice versa, sothat these elements vibrate in unison without misalignment, as notedabove.

A convenience outlet 240, connected to the conductors 206 and 201,Figure 24, may be provided at any suitable location on the device, forsup-' plying current to any auxiliary electrical apparatus, such asextension lights or the like, which it may be desired to use inconnection with the apparatus.

changes may be made without departing from the scope of the appendedclaims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a camera projector, in combination, a screen, a casing adapted tobe set a predetermined distance from said screen, a photographic andprojection lens in said casing. a film-gate on said casing, a shutteradapted to open and close the optical path through said lens andfilm-gate, a closed housing pivotally supported on said casing, a hoodmounted on said casing whereby said housing may be swung from anoperative position in line with said film-gate and lens to aninoperative position within said hood, a distance rod operativelyconnected to said housing and I to said hood for causing said hood toassume one position when said housing is in cooperative relation withsaid film-gate and for causing said hood to assume another-position whensaid housing is moved to the inoperative position, said housingincluding a condensing lens in one wall of said housing and positionedabove said filmgate when said housing is in a position for projection,an inclined mirror supported on a wall above said condensing lens, and alamp in horizontal alignment with the axis of said mirror whereby lightfrom said lamp may be reflected downwardly to said condensing lens andfilmgate.

2. In a camera projector, in combination, a casing, a photographic andprojection lens in said casing, a film-gate in said casing having itsaperture in optical alignment with said lens, a shutter adapted to closethe optical path through said lens and film-gate, a lamp house having abase pivotally connected to one side of said casing and adapted to bepositioned in light tight relation with said casing, a condensing lensin said base in alignment with said optical path when said base is incontact with said casing, a lamp mounted on said base and spaced apartfrom said optical path, a mirror adjustably supported in said lamp houseangular with respect to said optical path and having a mid-portionthereof coinciding with said optical path and at the same timecoinciding with a bundle of light rays from'said lamp, said lamp house,together with said condensing lens, said lamp and said mirror therein,being adapted to be bodily swung upwardly and away from said film-gate,an open ended hood pivotally mounted on said casing, linkages betweensaid hood and said lamp house whereby the open end of said hood iscaused to partially embrace said lamp house when the same is in positionfor projection and adapted to engage a. different portion of said lamphouse when the latter is moved to a nonoperative position.

v 3. In a camera projector, in combination, a support, a casing on saidsupport, a photographic projection lens on said casing having itsoptical axis vertical, a film-gate in said casing above and having itsaperture in optical alignment with said lens, a shutter cutting saidoptical axis, a lamp house having a base pivotally connected to one sideof said casing and adapted to be positioned on said casing in lighttight relation therewith, a condensing lens mounted on saidbase andhaving its axis coinciding with said optical axis when said base ispositioned on said casing, a lamp carried on said base and spaced apartfrom said optical axis, a mirror adjustably supported on a wall of saidlamp house and having its midportion coinciding with said optical axisand at the same time coinciding with the center of illumination of saidlamp, a hood pivotally connected to said support and adapted to at leastpartially embrace said lamp house when said base is in contact with saidcasing, and a link member having one end pivotally connected to saidhood and the other end pivotally connected to said lamp house, therebycausing said hood to raise when said lamp house is bodily swung on itspivotal connections to uncover the upper end of said casing.

i. The invention according to claim 3, in which said lamp house isgenerally cubical in form with the exception that one side is beveledand consti tutes the side adjustably supporting said mirror.

on said casing in light tight relation therewith, a

condensing lens mounted on said base and having its axis coinciding withsaid optical axis when said base is positioned on said casinsg a lampcarried on. said base and spaced apart from said optical axis, said lamphouse also including a vertical end adjacent to said lamp, two verticaisides joining said vertical end, an upper surface joining said sides andend, and a second end a portion or which is vertical and a portion ofwhich is angular with respect to both ends and joining said uppersuriace, a mirror adjustablv supported on the angular portion of saidlastmentioned end wall, said mirror having its midportion coincidingwith its optical axis and at the same time coinciding with the center ofillumination of said lamp, a hood pivotally connected to said supportand adapted to at least partially embrace said lamp house when said baseis in contact with said casing, and a link member having one endpivotally connected to said hood and the other end pivotally connectedto said I lamp house, thereby causing said hood to raise when said lamphouse is bodily swung on its pivotal connections to uncover the upperend of said casing.

6. The invention according to claim 5, in which a tubular pipe ismounted in the base of said lamp house and has its upper end terminatingat a point adjacent to said lamp and in which venti= lating holes areformed in the first-mentioned end or said lamp house adjacent to the topthereof for cooling said lamp house.

WNEUR E. PRATT.

